PAM Usage Best Practices

 

Polyacrylamide (PAM) is a linear polymer compound widely used as an efficient flocculant in:

*Wastewater treatment

*Sludge dewatering

*Mineral processing

*Papermaking additives

 

Comparison of Main PAM Types

Type	Ionic Character	Primary Applications	Dissolution Time
Anionic PAM	Negative charge	Wastewater treatment, mineral processing	40-60 minutes
Cationic PAM	Positive charge	Sludge dewatering, organic wastewater	50-70 minutes
Non-ionic PAM	No charge	Acidic wastewater, special industries	60-90 minutes

 

Correct Usage Methods for PAM

1. Solution Preparation Steps

Key Operational Procedures:

    1.Use clean tap water or treated water (avoid chlorinated water)

    2.Control stirring speed: 100-300 rpm

    3.Preparation concentration: 0.1%-0.3% (industrial grade)

    4.Optimal dissolution temperature: 20-30°C

    5.Maturation time: 30-45 minutes

Common Mistakes:
× Direct addition of dry powder
× Using high-speed stirring (>500 rpm)
× Excessive preparation concentration (>0.5%)

2.Key Dosing Techniques

Optimal Dosing Methods:

-Gravity feeding: Suitable for small systems

-Metering pump dosing: Precise flow control

-Multi-point dosing: Improves mixing efficiency

Dosage Reference:

-Wastewater treatment: 1-10 ppm

-Sludge dewatering: 0.1%-0.3% of dry sludge weight

-Mineral flotation: 0.5-5 ppm

 

8 Critical Precautions for PAM Usage

1.Safety Protection

    *Wear goggles and dust masks

    *Avoid direct skin contact (may cause allergies)

2.Storage Conditions

-Cool, dry place (humidity <70%)

-Avoid direct sunlight

-Shelf life: 2 years (powder), 1 week (solution)

3.Water Quality Requirements for Dissolution

-Optimal pH range: 6-8

-Hardness: <200 mg/L (as CaCO₃)

-Avoid polyvalent metal ions (Fe³⁺, Al³⁺)

4.Mixing Precautions

-Add water first, then chemical

-Sprinkle slowly and evenly

-Avoid lump formation (“fish eyes”)

5.Temperature Control

-Dissolution water temperature <40°C

-High temperatures cause molecular chain breakage

6.Avoid Excessive Shear Force

-Avoid sharp angles in pipelines

-Use low-speed stirring

7.Compatibility Testing

-Conduct small-scale tests for new batches

-Observe floc formation

8.Waste Liquid Treatment

-Never discharge directly

-Requires sedimentation treatment

 

Frequently Asked Questions About PAM Applications

Q1: What to do when gel-like substances appear after PAM dissolution?
A: Possible causes include:

    *Insufficient dissolution time (extend to 60 minutes)

    *Hard water (use softened water)

    *Inadequate stirring (adjust stirring speed)

Q2: How to determine if PAM has expired?
A: Check these indicators:

    -Significant viscosity reduction

    -Flocculation efficiency decreased by >50%

    -Abnormal extension of dissolution time

Q3: Are there seasonal differences in PAM usage?
A: Seasonal adjustment recommendations:

    -Summer: Reduce preparation quantity (prone to deterioration)

    -Winter: Appropriately increase water temperature (accelerates dissolution)

    -Rainy season: Strengthen moisture-proof storage

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